NEET PHYSICS

NEET Physics Syllabus 2025 — Official Topics (Class 11 & 12)

Niche diye gaye buttons se Class 11 aur 12 ke pura syllabus dekhein aur content ko copy karein.Syllabus NMC aur NTA ke official 2025 guidelines ke anusaar hai.

1. Physical World and Measurement

• Physics: scope, fundamental forces, nature of physical laws.
• Units of measurement: SI units, fundamental and derived units, errors in measurement, significant figures.
• Dimensions of physical quantities, dimensional analysis, and its applications.

2. Kinematics

• Frame of reference, motion in a straight line: position-time graph, speed, velocity.
• Uniform and non-uniform motion, average speed, instantaneous velocity.
• Uniformly accelerated motion, velocity-time, position-time graphs, equations of motion.
• Scalars and vectors, vector addition and subtraction, scalar and vector products, unit vector, resolution of vectors.
• Relative velocity, motion in a plane, projectile motion, uniform circular motion.

3. Laws of Motion

• Force and inertia, Newton’s First Law, momentum, Newton’s Second Law.
• Newton’s Third Law, conservation of linear momentum, applications.
• Equilibrium of concurrent forces, static and kinetic friction, laws of friction.
• Dynamics of uniform circular motion: centripetal force, examples.

4. Work, Energy, and Power

• Work done by constant and variable forces, kinetic and potential energy.
• Work-energy theorem, power, conservative and non-conservative forces.
• Conservation of mechanical energy, elastic and inelastic collisions.

5. Motion of System of Particles and Rigid Body

• Centre of mass, motion of centre of mass, linear momentum conservation.
• Torque, angular momentum, conservation of angular momentum.
• Rigid body rotation: equations of rotational motion, moment of inertia, radius of gyration.
• Values of moments of inertia for simple geometrical objects, parallel and perpendicular axes theorems.

6. Gravitation

• Universal law of gravitation, gravitational field, gravitational potential, potential energy.
• Kepler’s laws of planetary motion, acceleration due to gravity, variation with altitude and depth.
• Escape velocity, orbital velocity, geostationary satellites, polar satellites.

7. Properties of Bulk Matter

• Elastic behaviour, stress, strain, Hooke’s law, Young’s modulus, bulk modulus, shear modulus.
• Pressure in fluids, Pascal’s law, buoyancy, Archimedes’ principle.
• Viscosity, Stokes’ law, terminal velocity, streamline and turbulent flow, Reynolds number.
• Bernoulli’s theorem and applications, surface energy, surface tension, capillarity.

8. Thermodynamics

• Thermal equilibrium, zeroth law, concept of temperature, heat, work, internal energy.
• First law of thermodynamics, isothermal and adiabatic processes.
• Second law of thermodynamics: reversible and irreversible processes, heat engines, refrigerators.

9. Behaviour of Perfect Gas and Kinetic Theory

• Equation of state of a perfect gas, work done in compressing a gas.
• Kinetic theory: assumptions, concept of pressure, kinetic energy, RMS speed.
• Degrees of freedom, law of equipartition of energy, specific heats of gases, mean free path.

10. Oscillations and Waves

• Periodic motion, simple harmonic motion (SHM), SHM equations, spring-mass system, simple pendulum.
• Energy in SHM, damped oscillations, forced oscillations, resonance.
• Wave motion: longitudinal and transverse waves, speed of wave, displacement relation.
• Principle of superposition, standing waves, beats, Doppler effect.

1. Electrostatics

• Electric charges, conservation of charge, Coulomb’s law, force between multiple charges.
• Electric field, field due to a point charge, dipole, field lines, Gauss’s law, applications.
• Electric potential, potential difference, potential due to a point charge, dipole, system of charges.
• Conductors and insulators, charges on conductors, capacitors, capacitance, dielectrics, energy in capacitors.

2. Current Electricity

• Electric current, drift velocity, mobility, Ohm’s law, electrical resistance, resistivity.
• Colour code for resistors, series and parallel combinations, temperature dependence of resistance.
• Electrical energy, power, Kirchhoff’s laws, Wheatstone bridge, meter bridge, potentiometer.

3. Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism

• Biot-Savart law, magnetic field due to a current element, straight conductor, circular loop.
• Ampere’s law, applications, force on a moving charge, Lorentz force, force on a current-carrying conductor.
• Torque on a magnetic dipole, moving coil galvanometer, current sensitivity, conversion to ammeter/voltmeter.
• Magnetic properties: diamagnetism, paramagnetism, ferromagnetism, Earth’s magnetic field.

4. Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents

• Faraday’s laws, induced EMF, Lenz’s law, eddy currents.
• Self and mutual inductance, alternating currents, peak and RMS values.
• Reactance, impedance, power in AC circuits, wattless current, LC oscillations, resonance, transformers.

5. Electromagnetic Waves

• Displacement current, Maxwell’s equations (qualitative), electromagnetic waves, their characteristics.
• Electromagnetic spectrum: radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays.

6. Optics

• Reflection, spherical mirrors, mirror formula, refraction, Snell’s law, total internal reflection.
• Lenses, lens maker’s formula, magnification, combination of lenses, optical instruments: microscope, telescope.
• Wave optics: Huygens’ principle, interference, Young’s double-slit experiment, diffraction, polarization.

7. Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation

• Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard’s observations, Einstein’s photoelectric equation.
• Matter waves, de Broglie relation, Davisson-Germer experiment, particle nature of light.

8. Atoms and Nuclei

• Alpha-particle scattering, Rutherford’s model, Bohr model, energy levels, hydrogen spectrum.
• Composition and size of nucleus, radioactivity: alpha, beta, gamma decay, half-life, mean life.
• Nuclear fission, fusion, nuclear reactions.

9. Electronic Devices

• Semiconductors, intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, p-n junction, semiconductor diode.
• Diode as a rectifier, Zener diode, photodiode, LED, solar cell.
• Transistor action, transistor as an amplifier, oscillator, logic gates (OR, AND, NOT, NAND, NOR).

10. Experimental Skills

• Familiarity with basic apparatus: vernier callipers, screw gauge, simple pendulum.
• Experiments: specific heat, Young’s modulus, resistance of a wire, focal length of lenses/mirrors.
• Verification of Ohm’s law, series/parallel resistors, refractive index, meter bridge, potentiometer.